Which of the following is a typical component of a spacecraft bus?

• A. The experiment package
• B. The attitude control system
• C. Cosmic ray detector
• D. Imaging sensor

Answer: (B)

The concept tested is the distinction between the spacecraft bus and the payload. The bus are the platform’s essential supporting systems that keep the spacecraft alive and controllable, including power, communications, thermal management, structure, and attitude control. The attitude control system is a typical bus component because it provides the spacecraft’s orientation and stability, enabling the platform to point itself and its instruments as needed.

The other options are payloads or instruments mounted on the bus to perform science or observation. The experiment package, cosmic ray detector, and imaging sensor are all carried to collect data, but they rely on the bus for power, pointing, and control—they’re not part of the bus itself.